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  • 3: The Final Chapter (1429-1453)

    3: The Final Chapter (1429-1453)
    2024/12/05
    Summary: The concluding article analyzes the war's final phase, marked by French military reform, technological innovation, and the ultimate French victory. It explores how Charles VII's creation of Europe's first standing army, combined with advances in artillery, led to the systematic reconquest of English-held territories. The article concludes by examining the war's lasting impact on European political organization, military practice, and national identity.
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    21 分
  • 2: Renewal and Joan of Arc (1360-1429)

    2: Renewal and Joan of Arc (1360-1429)
    2024/12/05
    Summary: The second article chronicles the war's renewal under Henry V, including the stunning English victory at Agincourt and the Treaty of Troyes, before focusing on the remarkable emergence of Joan of Arc. It examines how her brief but dramatic intervention transformed the conflict from a dynastic dispute into a struggle for national liberation, permanently altering the war's character and France's national identity.
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    39 分
  • 1: Origins and Early Triumphs (1337-1360)

    1: Origins and Early Triumphs (1337-1360)
    2024/12/05
    Summary: The first article explores the complex origins of the conflict, examining how dynastic claims and feudal obligations erupted into full-scale war. It details the revolutionary English military victories at Crécy and Poitiers, the impact of the Black Death, and the temporary resolution achieved by the Treaty of Brétigny. This period established new patterns of warfare and began the transformation of medieval political structures.
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    44 分